E toru ngā momo matua ongā pākahiko lithium-ion(li-ion): ngā pūtau porotaka, ngā pūtau porotaka, me ngā pūtau putea. I roto i te umanga EV, ko ngā whanaketanga tino whai hua e pā ana ki ngā pūtau porotaka me ngā pūtau porotaka. Ahakoa ko te whakatakotoranga pākahiko porotaka te mea tino rongonui i ngā tau tata nei, he maha ngā āhuatanga e kī ana ka riro pea i ngā pūtau porotaka.

He aha ngāNgā Pūtau Ā-ira

Hepūtau porowhitahe pūtau kei roto i tētahi anga pakari tōna matū. Nā tōna āhua tapawhā ka taea te whakarārangi pai i ngā waeine maha ki roto i tētahi kōwae pākahiko. E rua ngā momo pūtau prismatic: ko ngā rau hiko i roto i te anga (anode, separator, cathode) ka whakarārangihia, ka hurihia rānei, ka papatahitia.

Mō te rōrahi ōrite, ka taea e ngā pūtau porowhita kua whakarārangihia te tuku i te kaha nui ake i te wā kotahi, ka pai ake te mahi, engari ko ngā pūtau porowhita papatahi he nui ake te kaha, ka roa ake te mau.

Ko ngā pūtau prismatic te nuinga o te wā e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha rokiroki pūngao me ngā waka hiko. Nā te rahi nui, kāore e pai mō ngā taputapu iti pēnei i ngā pahikara hiko me ngā waea pūkoro. Nō reira, he pai ake mō ngā tono e nui ana te pūngao.

He aha ngā pūtau porotaka

Hepūtau porotakaroahe pūtau kei roto i tētahi kēne rango mārō. He iti, he porowhita ngā pūtau rango, ā, ka taea te whakarārangi i a rātou ki roto i ngā taputapu o ngā rahi katoa. Kāore i rite ki ētahi atu momo pākahiko, ka ārai tō rātou āhua i te pupuhi, he āhuatanga kāore e hiahiatia ana i roto i ngā pākahiko e kohikohi ai ngā hau i roto i te anga.

I whakamahia tuatahitia ngā pūtau porotaka i roto i ngā pona, e toru ki te iwa ngā pūtau kei roto. Kātahi ka rongonui haere i te whakamahinga a Tesla i roto i ana waka hiko tuatahi (te Roadster me te Model S), e ono mano ki te iwa mano ngā pūtau kei roto.

Ka whakamahia hoki ngā pūtau porotaka i roto i ngā pahikara hiko, ngā taputapu hauora, me ngā amiorangi. He mea nui hoki ēnei i roto i te tūhuratanga ātea nā tō rātou āhua; ka whakapōturitia te āhua o ētahi atu pūtau e te pēhanga hau. Hei tauira, ko te Rover whakamutunga i tukuna ki Mars, e whakamahi ana i ngā pūtau porotaka. Ka whakamahia e ngā waka reihi hiko mahi-teitei Formula E ngā pūtau ōrite ki te rover i roto i tā rātou pākahiko.

Ngā Rerekētanga Matua i waenga i ngā Pūtau Prismatic me ngā Pūtau Porotaka

Ehara i te āhua anake te mea e wehewehe ana i ngā pūtau porotaka me ngā pūtau porotaka. Ko ētahi atu rerekētanga nui ko tō rātou rahi, te maha o ngā hononga hiko, me te putanga hiko.

Rahi

He nui ake ngā pūtau porotaka i ngā pūtau porotaka, nō reira he nui ake te pūngao kei roto i ia pūtau. Hei whakamārama whānui i te rerekētanga, ka taea e te pūtau porotaka kotahi te pupuri i te nui o te pūngao rite ki te 20 ki te 100 ngā pūtau porotaka. Nā te iti o te rahi o ngā pūtau porotaka, ka taea te whakamahi mō ngā tono e iti ake te mana e hiahiatia ana. Nō reira, ka whakamahia mō te whānuitanga o ngā tono.

Ngā Hononga

Nā te mea he nui ake ngā pūtau porotaka i ngā pūtau porotaka, he iti ake ngā pūtau e hiahiatia ana hei whakatutuki i te nui o te pūngao. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, mō te rōrahi ōrite, he iti ake ngā hononga hiko e hiahiatia ana kia whakarewahia ngā pākahiko e whakamahi ana i ngā pūtau porotaka. He painga nui tēnei mō ngā pūtau porotaka nā te mea he iti ake ngā tūponotanga mō ngā hapa hanga.

Mana

Ahakoa he iti ake te kaha e rongoatia ana e ngā pūtau porotaka i ngā pūtau porotaka, he nui ake te kaha o ēnei pūtau. Ko te tikanga ka tere ake te tukunga o te kaha o ngā pūtau porotaka i ngā pūtau porotaka. Ko te take he nui ake ngā hononga ia amp-haora (Ah). Nō reira, he pai ngā pūtau porotaka mō ngā tono mahi-teitei, engari he pai ngā pūtau porotaka hei whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te kaha.

Ko tētahi tauira o ngā whakamahinga pākahiko mahi-teitei ko ngā motuka reihi Formula E me te hērakapa Ingenuity i runga i a Mātaotao. E rua e hiahia ana ki ngā mahi tino kaha i roto i ngā taiao tino kaha.

He aha pea ngā pūtau prismatic e kaha ana ki te whakahaere

He tere te whanaketanga o te umanga waka hiko, ā, kāore i te tino mārama mēnā ko ngā pūtau porotaka, ko ngā pūtau porotaka rānei ka toa. I tēnei wā, he whānui ake te whakamahinga o ngā pūtau porotaka i roto i te umanga waka hiko, engari he take kei te whakaaro ka piki haere te rongonui o ngā pūtau porotaka.

Tuatahi, ka tukuna e ngā pūtau porowhita he whai wāhitanga ki te whakaheke i ngā utu mā te whakaiti i te maha o ngā mahi hanga. Mā tō rātou whakatakotoranga ka taea te hanga pūtau nunui ake, ka whakaitihia te maha o ngā hononga hiko e hiahia ana kia horoia me te whakarewahia.

Ko ngā pākahiko prismatic te whakatakotoranga tino pai mō te matū lithium-rino phosphate (LFP), he ranunga o ngā rauemi he iti ake te utu, he ngāwari ake hoki te uru atu. Kāore i rite ki ētahi atu matū, ka whakamahia e ngā pākahiko LFP ngā rauemi kei ngā wāhi katoa o te ao. Kāore e hiahiatia he rauemi onge, he utu nui hoki pērā i te nikara me te konupora e piki ake ai te utu o ētahi atu momo pūtau.

He kaha ngā tohu e whakaatu ana kei te puta ake ngā pūtau prismatic LFP. I Āhia, kua whakamahia kētia e ngā kaihanga EV ngā pākahiko LiFePO4, he momo pākahiko LFP i roto i te whakatakotoranga prismatic. I kī anō a Tesla kua tīmata rātou ki te whakamahi i ngā pākahiko prismatic i hangaia ki Haina mō ngā putanga paerewa o āna waka.

Heoi, he nui ngā ngoikoretanga o te matū LFP. Tuatahi, he iti ake te pūngao i roto i tēnei matū i ērā atu matū e whakamahia ana i tēnei wā, ā, nō reira, kāore e taea te whakamahi mō ngā waka mahi-teitei pērā i ngā waka hiko Formula 1. Hei tāpiri, he uaua ki ngā pūnaha whakahaere pākahiko (BMS) te matapae i te taumata utu o te pākahiko.

Ka taea e koe te mātaki i tēnei ataata kia nui ake ai ōu mōhiotanga mō teLFPte matū me te take e piki haere ana tōna rongonui.