Pūhiko LiFePO4

I roto i ngā pūrongo hauwhā tuatoru o te tau 2021 a Tesla, i pānuitia te whakawhiti ki ngā pākahiko LiFePO4 hei paerewa hou mō āna waka. Engari he aha rawa ngā pākahiko LiFePO4?

NIU IOKA, NIU IOKA, USA, Mei 26, 2022 /EINPresswire.com / — He pai ake ēnei hei whakakapi i ngā pākahiko Li-Ion? He aha te rerekētanga o ēnei pākahiko i ētahi atu pākahiko?

He Kupu Whakataki ki ngā Pūhiko LiFePO4

He pākahiko lithium-ion te pākahiko lithium rino phosphate (LFP) he tere ake te utu me te tukunga. He pākahiko ka taea te whakahou me te LiFePO4 hei katote me te irahiko waro graphitic me te tuara konganuku hei anode.

He iti ake te mātotoru pūngao o ngā pākahiko LiFePO4 i ngā pākahiko lithium-ion, ā, he iti ake hoki ngā ngaohiko whakahaere. He iti te tere tukunga me ngā piko whakapae, ā, he haumaru ake i te Li-ion. E mōhiotia ana hoki ēnei pākahiko ko ngā pākahiko lithium ferrophosphate.

Te Hanganga o ngā Pūhiko LiFePO4

Nā John B. Goodenough rāua ko Arumugam Manthiram i hanga ngā pākahiko LiFePO4. Ko rāua ētahi o ngā tuatahi ki te whakatau i ngā rauemi i whakamahia i roto i ngā pākahiko lithium-ion. Kāore ngā rauemi anode i te pai mō ngā pākahiko lithium-ion nā te mea he tere tonu te poto o te hiko.

I kitea e ngā kaipūtaiao he pai ake ngā rauemi katote i ngā katote pākahiko lithium-ion. Ka kitea nuitia tēnei i roto i ngā momo pākahiko LiFePO4. Ka whakarei ake i te pumau me te kawe hiko, ā, ka whakapai ake i ngā momo āhuatanga maha atu.

I ēnei rā, kei ngā wāhi katoa ngā pākahiko LiFePO4, ā, he maha ngā whakamahinga, tae atu ki te whakamahinga i roto i ngā poti, ngā pūnaha rā, me ngā waka. Kāore he cobalt i roto i ngā pākahiko LiFePO4, ā, he iti ake te utu i te nuinga o ngā momo pākahiko kē atu. Kāore he paitini, ā, he roa ake te wā e taea ai te whakamahi.

Ngā Whakatakotoranga Pūhiko LFP -

Te Mahi a ngā Pūnaha Whakahaere Pūhiko i roto i ngā Pūhiko LFP

Ehara i te mea ko ngā pūtau hono anake ngā mea e titoa ana i ngā pākahiko LFP; he pūnaha anō hoki hei whakarite kia noho haumaru te pākahiko. Ka tiakina, ka whakahaeretia, ka aroturukitia hoki te pākahiko e te pūnaha whakahaere pākahiko (BMS) i raro i ngā āhuatanga whakahaere hei whakarite i te haumaru me te whakaroa i te roa o te ora o te pākahiko.

Te mahi a ngā Pūnaha Whakahaere Pūhiko i roto i ngā Pūhiko LFP -

Ahakoa te kaha ake o ngā pūtau phosphate rino lithium, he ngāwari tonu ki te pāngia e te ngaohiko nui i te wā e utu ana, ka whakaiti i te mahi. Tērā pea ka heke te kounga o te rauemi e whakamahia ana ki te cathode, ka ngaro tōna pumau. Ka whakahaere te BMS i te putanga o ia pūtau, ā, ka whakarite kia mau tonu te ngaohiko mōrahi o te pākahiko.

I te hekenga o ngā rauemi hikohiko, ka nui te āwangawanga mō te iti o te ngaohiko. Mēnā ka heke te ngaohiko o tētahi pūtau ki raro i tētahi paepae kua tohua, ka momotu te BMS i te pākahiko mai i te ara iahiko. Ka mahi anō hoki hei ārai i te wā e nui rawa ana te iahiko, ā, ka mutu tana mahi i te wā e poto ana te ara iahiko.

Ngā Pūhiko LiFePO4 me ngā Pūhiko Lithium-Ion

Kāore ngā pākahiko LiFePO4 e pai mō ngā taputapu mau pēnei i ngā wati. He iti ake te kaha o ēnei pākahiko i ērā atu pākahiko lithium. Heoi, koinei te mea pai rawa atu mō ngā pūnaha hiko o te rā, ngā RV, ngā kaata korowha, ngā poti bass, me ngā motopaika hiko.

★Ko tētahi o ngā painga matua o ēnei pākahiko ko te roa o te ora e whakamahia ana.

E whā ngā wā ka roa ake te ora o ēnei pākahiko i ētahi atu. He haumaru ake, ā, ka taea te tae atu ki te 100% te hohonu o te tukunga, ko te tikanga ka taea te whakamahi mō te wā roa ake.

Kei raro nei ētahi atu take he pai ake ai ēnei pākahiko hei whakakapi i ngā pākahiko Li-ion.

★Utu iti

He rino me te whākōkī te mea hanga o ngā pākahiko LFP, he mea keri nui, ā, he iti te utu. E kiia ana ko te utu o ngā pākahiko LFP he 70 ōrau te iti iho i ia kirokaramu i ngā pākahiko NMC whai nikara. Ko tōna hanganga matū he painga utu. Ko ngā utu pūtau iti rawa i pūrongohia mō ngā pākahiko LFP i heke iho i te $100/kWh mō te wā tuatahi i te tau 2020.

★Pānga Iti ki te Taiao
Kāore he nikara, he kopara rānei i roto i ngā pākahiko LFP, he mea utu nui ēnei, ā, he nui te pānga ki te taiao. Ka taea te whakahou ake i ēnei pākahiko, e whakaatu ana i tō rātou pai ki te taiao.

★Te Whakapai Ake i te Whai Hua me te Mahi
E mōhiotia ana ngā pākahiko LFP mō te roa o te ora, ā, he mea rongonui ēnei mō ngā tono e hiahia ana kia pono, kia pumau hoki te putanga hiko i roto i te wā. He puhoi ake te ngaronga o te kaha o ēnei pākahiko i ērā atu pākahiko lithium-ion, ā, ka āwhina tēnei ki te pupuri i tā rātou mahi mō te wā roa. Hei tāpiri, he iti ake te ngaohiko whakahaere, ā, ka iti ake te ātete ā-roto, ka tere ake hoki te utu/tuku.

★Haumaru me te Pūmautanga Whakapai Ake
He pumau te pāmahana me te matū o ngā pākahiko LFP, nō reira he iti ake te tūponotanga ka pahū, ka mura rānei. Ka puta i te LFP te hauono o te wera o te NMC whai kiko-nikara. Nā te kaha ake o te here Co-O i roto i ngā pākahiko LFP, ka puhoi ake te tukunga o ngā ngota hāora mēnā ka poto te porowhita, ka wera rawa rānei. Hei tāpiri, kāore he konukōre e toe ana i roto i ngā pūtau kua kī katoa, ā, he tino ātete ki te ngaronga hāora ki te whakataurite ki ngā tauhohenga werawera e kitea ana i roto i ētahi atu pūtau konukōre.

★Iti, Māmā hoki
E tata ana ki te 50% te mama ake o ngā pākahiko LFP i ngā pākahiko lithium manganese oxide. E 70% te mama ake i ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata. Ina whakamahia he pākahiko LiFePO4 i roto i te waka, ka iti ake te hinu e whakamahia ana, ā, ka nui ake te ngāwari o te nekeneke. He iti hoki, he kiato hoki, e āhei ai koe ki te penapena wāhi i runga i tō kuta, poti, RV, i ngā mahi ahumahi rānei.

Ngā Pūhiko LiFePO4 me ngā Pūhiko Kore-Lithium
He maha ngā painga o ngā pākahiko kore-litium, engari tera pea ka whakakapia i roto i te wā waenga i runga i te kaha o ngā pākahiko LiFePo4 hou, he nui hoki te utu, ā, he iti ake te whai hua o ngā hangarau tawhito.

☆Pūhiko Waikawa Mata
Ahakoa te āhua iti o te utu mō ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata i te tīmatanga, ka nui ake te utu mō te wā roa. Nā te mea me nui ake te tiaki me te whakakapinga. Ka roa ake te ora o te pākahiko LiFePO4, e 2-4 ngā wā, kāore he tiaki e hiahiatia ana.

☆Pūhiko Kiri
Pērā i ngā pākahiko LiFePO4, kāore e hiahiatia kia whakakīia anō i ngā wā katoa, ā, kāore e ngaro te utu i te wā e rongoatia ana. Engari ka puhoi ake te utu o ngā pākahiko. Me momotu ina whakakīia katoatia kia kore ai e pakaru.

☆Ngā Pūhiko AGM
Ahakoa he nui te mōrearea o ngā pākahiko AGM ki te pakaru i raro i te 50% o te kaha, ka taea te tuku katoa i ngā pākahiko LiFePO4 me te kore he mōrearea o te pakaru. He uaua hoki te pupuri i a rātou kia mau tonu.

Ngā tono mō ngā pākahiko LiFePO4
He maha ngā whakamahinga whai hua o ngā pākahiko LiFePO4, tae atu ki

●Waka Hī Ika me ngā Waka Kayak: Ka taea e koe te noho roa ake i runga i te wai me te iti o te wā utu me te roa o te wā whakahaere. Mā te iti o te taumaha ka māmā ake te whakahaere me te tere o te pupuhi i ngā whakataetae hī ika nui.

●Ngā kuta nekeneke me ngā moped: Kāore he taumaha mate hei whakaroa i a koe. Whakakīia tō pākahiko ki raro i te kaha katoa mō ngā haerenga ohorere me te kore e pakaru.

●Ngā whirihoranga o te rā: Kawea ngā pākahiko LiFePO4 mama ki ngā wāhi katoa e haria ai koe e te ao (ahakoa ki runga i te maunga, ki waho rānei i te whatunga hiko) hei whakamahi i te mana o te rā.

●Whakamahinga arumoni: Koinei ngā pākahiko lithium tino haumaru, tino pakari hoki, ā, he mea tino pai mō ngā mahi ahumahi pēnei i ngā mīhini papa, ngā keti hiki, me ētahi atu.

Hei tāpiritanga, ka whakamahia ngā pākahiko lithium rino phosphate hei whakakaha i te maha atu o ngā taputapu pēnei i ngā rama, ngā hikareti hiko, ngā taputapu reo irirangi, ngā rama ohorere, me ētahi atu taonga.

Ngā Āheinga mō te Whakatinanatanga LFP Whānui
Ahakoa he iti ake te utu o ngā pākahiko LFP, ā, he pumau ake i ērā atu momo pākahiko kē atu, he arai nui te mātotoru o te kaha ki te whānui o te whakamahinga. He iti ake te mātotoru o te kaha o ngā pākahiko LFP, i waenga i te 15 me te 25%. Heoi, kei te rerekē tēnei mā te whakamahi i ngā irahiko matotoru ake pērā i ngā mea e whakamahia ana i roto i te Tauira 3 i hangaia i Shanghai, he 359Wh/rita te mātotoru o te kaha.

Nā te roa o te ora o ngā pākahiko LFP, he nui ake te kaha o ēnei pākahiko i ngā pākahiko Li-ion he rite te taumaha. Ko te tikanga ka rite tonu te kaha o te pūngao o ēnei pākahiko i roto i te wā.

Ko tētahi atu arai ki te whakauru whānuitia ko te kaha o Haina ki te mākete nā te maha o ngā patene LFP. I te paunga o ēnei patene, kei te whakapaehia ka hangaia te LFP ki te rohe, pērā i te hanga waka.

Kei te piki haere te whakamahinga o te hangarau e ngā kaihanga waka nui pērā i a Ford, Volkswagen, me Tesla mā te whakakapi i ngā hanganga nikara, cobalt rānei. Ko te panuitanga hou a Tesla i roto i tana whakahoutanga hauwhā he tīmatanga noa iho. I whakaratohia hoki e Tesla he whakahoutanga poto mō tana kete pākahiko 4680, ka nui ake te kiato me te whānuitanga o te kaha. Tērā pea ka whakamahia e Tesla te hanganga "pūtau-ki-te-kete" hei whakapoto i ngā pūtau maha atu me te whakauru i te kiato kaha iti ake.

Ahakoa tōna pakeke,LFPā, ko te whakahekenga o ngā utu pākahiko he mea nui pea ki te whakateretere i te whakamahinga nui o ngā EV. I te tau 2023, e matapaetia ana ka tata ngā utu lithium-ion ki te $100/kWh. Mā ngā LFP ka taea e ngā kaihanga motuka te aro nui ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te watea, te wā utu anō rānei, kaua ko te utu anake.