Nā ngā āhuatanga opākahiko lithiumme tāpiri te pūnaha whakahaere pākahiko (BMS). Kāore e whakaaetia te whakamahi i ngā pākahiko kāore he pūnaha whakahaere, nā te mea ka nui ngā mōrearea haumarutanga. He mea nui tonu te haumaru mō ngā pūnaha pākahiko. Ki te kore e tiakina, e whakahaeretia paitia rānei ngā pākahiko, tera pea ka poto ake te ora, ka pakaru, ka pahū rānei.

BMS: (Pūnaha Whakahaere Pūhiko) e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā pākahiko hiko, pērā i ngā waka hiko, ngā pahikara hiko, te rokiroki pūngao me ētahi atu pūnaha nui.

Ko ngā mahi matua o te pūnaha whakahaere pākahiko (BMS) ko te ngaohiko pākahiko, te ine pāmahana me te iahiko, te taurite pūngao, te tatau me te whakaatu SOC, te whakaoho tauhou, te whakahaere utu me te tukunga, te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, me ētahi atu, haunga ngā mahi tiaki taketake o te pūnaha tiaki. Kei roto hoki i ētahi BMS te whakahaere wera, te whakamahana pākahiko, te tātari hauora pākahiko (SOH), te ine ātete ārai, me ētahi atu.

Te whakataki me te tātari i te mahi BMS:
1. Te tiaki i te pākahiko, he rite ki te PCM, te tiaki i te utu nui, te tukunga nui, te pāmahana nui, te iahiko nui, me te ara iahiko poto. He rite ki ngā pākahiko lithium-manganese noa me ngā huānga-torungā pākahiko lithium-ion, ka motu aunoa te pūnaha i te ara iahiko utu, tuku rānei ina kitea e ia he nui ake te ngaohiko pākahiko i te 4.2V, he heke rānei te ngaohiko pākahiko i raro i te 3.0V. Mena ka nui ake te pāmahana pākahiko i te pāmahana whakahaere o te pākahiko, ka nui ake rānei te iahiko i te iahiko tuku o te puna pākahiko, ka motu aunoa te pūnaha i te ara iahiko hei whakarite i te haumaru o te pākahiko me te pūnaha.

2. Taurite pūngao, te katoapūhiko, nā te maha o ngā pākahiko e raupapa ana, i muri i te mahi mō tētahi wā, nā te koretake o te pākahiko tonu, te koretake o te pāmahana mahi me ētahi atu take, ka whakaatu i te rerekētanga nui, he pānga nui ki te roa o te ora o te pākahiko me te whakamahinga o te pūnaha. Ko te taurite pūngao he whakakī i ngā rerekētanga i waenga i ngā pūtau takitahi ki te mahi i ētahi whakahaere utu, tukunga rānei hohe, hei whakarite i te ōritetanga o te pākahiko, hei whakaroa i te roa o te ora o te pākahiko. E rua ngā momo taurite hohe me te taurite hohe i roto i te umanga. Ko te taurite hohe ko te taurite i te nui o te mana mā te kai ātete, ko te taurite hohe ko te whakawhiti i te nui o te mana mai i te pākahiko ki te pākahiko me te iti o te mana mā te capacitor, inductor, transformer rānei. Ka whakaritea te taurite hohe me te taurite hohe i roto i te ripanga i raro nei. Nā te mea he uaua te pūnaha taurite hohe, ā, he nui te utu, ko te nuinga o te pūnaha he taurite hohe tonu.

3. Tātaitanga SOC,mana pākahikoHe wāhanga tino nui o te BMS te tatau, me mōhio ake ngā pūnaha maha ki te āhua o te mana e toe ana. Nā te whanaketanga o te hangarau, he maha ngā tikanga kua kohia mō te tatau SOC, ā, kāore e teitei ngā whakaritenga tika, ka taea te whakatau i te mana e toe ana i runga i te ngaohiko pākahiko, ko te tikanga matua ko te tikanga whakauru o nāianei (e mōhiotia ana ko te tikanga Ah), Q = ∫i dt, me te tikanga ātete ā-roto, te tikanga whatunga io, te tikanga tātari Kalman. Ko te tatau o nāianei tonu te tikanga matua i roto i te umanga.

4. Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero. He rerekē ngā whakaritenga a ngā pūnaha rerekē mō ngā atanga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero. Ko ngā atanga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero matua ko te SPI, I2C, CAN, RS485 me ētahi atu. Ko ngā pūnaha rokiroki waka me te pūngao he CAN me te RS485 te nuinga.